Url
	https://omeka-s.grinnell.edu/s/MusicalInstruments/item/1801
Resource class
	wmi:MusicalInstrument
Title
	bugle
Subject
	423.121.22
Publisher
	Premier
	Wurlitzer
	Conn
Contributor
	Roger Vetter
Type
	European
Format
	11 in. length (first bugle)
9.6 in. length (second bugle)
21.3 in. length (third bugle)

Identifier
	6100 
	6143
	6065
Language
	EN
Alternative Title
	clarion
	clairon
	Signalhorn
Medium
	metal - sheet
	metal
Requires
	1
Is Part Of
	Grinnell College Music Instrument Collection
Spatial Coverage
	Europe
Bibliographic Citation
	Baines, Anthony. 1976. Brass Instruments: Their History and Development. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
________. 1984. “Bugle.” NGDMI v.1: 280.
Bate, Philip. 1966. The Trumpet and Trombone: An Outline of their History, Development and Construction. London: Ernest Benn Limited.
Campbell, Murray, Clive Greated, and Arnold Meyers. 2004. Musical Instruments: History, Technology, and Performance of Instruments of Western Music. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Carse, Adam. 1975 (1965). Musical Wind Instruments. New York: Da Capo Paperback.
Provenance
	Vetter collection
Air cavity design for aerophones
	tubular - conical with flaring open distal end
Source and direction of airstream
	player exhalation through mouth into air cavity; unidirectional
Energy transducer that activates sound for aerophones
	lip reed (player’s lips) placed over cup mouthpiece at end of tube
Means of modifying shape and dimensions of standing wave in air cavity for aerophones
	none
Overblowing utilization in aerophones
	overblowing at consecutive partials
Pitch production in aerophones
	multiple pitches - selecting partials of a single cavity’s fundamental through overblowing
Category of Instrument
	aerophone

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